‘kʷu nəqspʔusm̓’: iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx naʔɬ sixʷápmx ʔučlm̓ iʔ l̓ sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ ɬa čqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓ iʔ stəqtqips

n̓səl̓xčin̓ translation by LaRae Wiley (Sinixt) and Christopher Parkin of Salish School of Spokane. Read the English version here.

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čn̓k̓ʷɬʔučlm̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx naʔɬ sixʷápmx iʔ l̓ nəqskʕačíw̓s iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ, iʔ n̓sl̓xʷʔitkʷ t n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ. ɬləx̌tiw̓sm̓əl̓x axáʔ t sqilxʷ uɬ ɬsəxʷnwixʷ t sn̓k̓ʷɬəɬt̓am̓ t n̓ty̓tyix uɬ t “sn̓k̓ʷɬčwix iʔ l̓ yʕačín̓s iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ iʔ tl̓ q̓sápiʔ.”

ilíʔ iʔ l̓ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ, iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx naʔɬ sixʷápmx ɬsəxʷnwixʷ, ɬləx̌tiw̓səl̓x miʔ n̓ɬək̓ʷək̓ʷmin̓tm̓ iʔ q̓sápiʔ čaw̓ts mɬ ktiyáqʷtm̓stm̓ iʔ sy̓lmxʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ naʔɬ Mírikaʔ áɬiʔ lut t̓ xiʔxiʔstím̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx ksn̓xiʔm̓s iʔ l̓̓ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s iʔ stəqtqips iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ.

iʔ l̓ 1956, Kanatáʔ mál̓x̌aʔs iʔ sčq̓y̓ay̓s uɬ ‘c̓səspsqilxʷ’ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx. ʕ̓apnáʔ iʔ Sn̓ʕay̓čkstx čʔučlm̓ iʔ l̓ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ miʔ yʕat swit čmistís pútiʔ aláʔ iʔ k̓l̓ tm̓xʷulaʔxʷsəl̓x, miʔ čx̌aʔstím̓ iʔ n̓xaʔčín̓səl̓x, iʔ siw̓ɬkʷ. tiʔx̌ílm̓əl̓x miʔ lutstm̓ iʔ ksc̓spsqílxʷn̓tm̓ t Kanatáʔ.

iʔ l̓ 14 miktúʔtn̓ iʔ l̓ Skxikn̓ kiʔ kɬyirmníkʷn̓tm̓ iʔ stɬtaɬm̓s, iʔ ƛ̓ʔiy̓səl̓x t aʔ čʔučlm̓ t sn̓ʕay̓čkstx naʔɬ sixʷápmx. itlíʔ uɬ k̓l̓ sw̓tim̓tk ʔučlm̓ mɬ y̓ʕapəl̓x iʔ k̓l̓ Sx̌ʷnitkʷ iʔ l̓ sqəlxʷasq̓t miʔ pútaʔn̓tm̓ iʔ n̓ty̓tyix.

Dale Tomma iʔ sxaʔtítkʷ iʔ l̓ ƛ̓ʔiy̓s iʔ sixʷápmx iʔ tl̓ Sixʷəxʷapm̓xitkʷ ɬa čn̓ʔax̌ʷtəl̓x iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ.

“áɬiʔ tl̓ q̓sápiʔ kiʔ kʷuʔ sqilxʷ t n̓ty̓tyix uɬ kʷuʔ čləx̌tiw̓s. x̌ast miʔ kʷu ʔalw̓sqílxʷm̓ miʔ pu̓taʔn̓tm̓ ɬa ɬčp̓lak̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ l̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷsəl̓x iʔ l̓ sn̓ʔiƛ̓l̓tks iʔ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ. ixíʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓səl̓x,” čut Tomma.

iʔ k̓l̓ k̓ʷiƛ̓t aʔ čʔučlm̓ t sn̓ʕay̓čkstx, axáʔ aʔ čxʔit uɬ ksx̌n̓tisəl̓x iʔ ɬəp̓úlaʔxʷtn̓ 49 miʔ ɬp̓lak̓əl̓̓x iʔ k̓l̓ sn̓ilíʔtn̓səl̓x. q̓sápiʔ ƛ̓əxʷn̓tim̓ iʔ n̓xaʔčín̓səl̓x t skʔačqíc̓aʔ uɬ nixʷ itlíʔ t sq̓il̓t. itlíʔ uɬ iʔ səxʷn̓čiqm̓ sy̓ʕapsəl̓x iʔ l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 1890. t sk̓asts iʔ aʔ čn̓čiqm̓ uɬ ʔamasƛ̓əxʷstím̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx uɬ qixʷn̓tm̓ iʔ tl̓ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s iʔ l̓ n̓ʔiƛ̓l̓tks iʔ ɬəp̓úlaʔxʷtn̓. yl̓yal̓təl̓x k̓aw̓tím̓t iʔ k̓l̓ “Mírikaʔ” laʔkín̓ ɬqixʷn̓tm̓əl̓x iʔ k̓l̓ sqlxʷúlaʔxʷ lkʷut tl̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷsəl̓x.

iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 1956, iʔ y̓l̓y̓lmixʷm̓s “Kanatáʔ” q̓y̓xitm̓ mɬ c̓spúlaʔxʷ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx. itlíʔ ksx̌an̓ 65 spin̓tk uɬ iʔ sl̓xʷaʔɬqʷaʔqʷʔál̓tán̓s Kanatáʔ kc̓əx̌ʷiplaʔm̓ mɬ w̓nixʷ iʔ sqilxʷ t Kanatáʔ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx uɬ x̌ast miʔ ɬčp̓lak̓əl̓x iʔ k̓l̓ sn̓ilíʔtn̓səl̓x miʔ tixʷčnm̓, pix̌m̓, ɬəɬt̓am̓.

x̌l̓ aʔ čʔučlm̓ t sn̓ʕay̓čkstx, iʔ sʔalw̓sqilxʷm̓ iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ knxitm̓ “kɬəɬp̓aʔáx̌”, čut Ksx̌an̓, iʔ xaʔtús iʔ k̓l̓ N̓čaʔlíwm̓ N̓qilxʷčniɬxʷ, ɬə ilíʔ n̓ʔamút iʔ l̓ staɬm̓s k̓ík̓aʔt k̓l̓ Ky̓ʕamlúp.

k̓a wistm̓s iʔ saʔtítkʷ ilíʔ k̓l̓ Ky̓ʕamlúp t̓iʔ čq̓y̓ay̓ísxn̓ t tulmn̓, q̓sápiʔ iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ n̓xaʔčín̓s Ksx̌an̓ iʔ lútiʔ čkič xiʔmíx sw̓yápix.

“iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t lut t̓a čmistísəl̓x iʔ l̓ čaptíkʷɬtət, iʔ smam̓ʔím̓ k̓ʷul̓l̓ iʔ tl̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷ, iʔ tl̓ ɬúkʷlaʔxʷ iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓tət.  áɬiʔ ixiʔ mɬ kʷu čʕačúlaʔxʷm̓ aláʔ, aláʔ iʔ sʕax̌ʷíptət,” čut Ksx̌an̓.

kʷuʔ ɬə qixʷn̓tm̓əl̓x uɬ mál̓x̌aʔm̓əl̓x iʔ kʷu c̓səspúlaʔxʷ “way̓ t̓aw̓níxʷ kʷu sl̓l̓sal̓t”, iʔ sčuts.

taʔlíʔ kʷu sn̓yw̓yʕawl̓xəx miʔ čkʷistkʷstm̓ iʔ qʷilm̓tət, iʔ sn̓ɬək̓ʷək̓ʷmín̓tət, yʕat iʔ stim̓ uɬ lut t̓ sl̓min̓tm̓”.

iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx čʔalw̓sqílxʷm̓ iʔ l̓ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ miʔ čn̓ɬək̓ʷək̓ʷmistsəl̓x sw̓switəl̓x, “miʔ ɬsəxʷnwixʷəl̓x, ɬlax̌tmisəl̓x” iʔ sn̓k̓ʷɬčwixs iʔ l̓ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ, čut.

“tl̓ q̓sápiʔ iʔ n̓təx̌ʷtx̌ʷitkʷ kʷuʔ ʕačʕačnwíxʷstm̓.”

Christian Haugen, nixʷ t n̓xaʔtítkʷ x̌l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx — uɬ kɬn̓xaʔčín̓ iʔ tl̓ sn̓paʔqínx naʔɬ ql̓spilx— n̓stil̓s ɬa čʔalw̓sqílxʷm̓əl̓x iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ ixíʔ slutstm̓ iʔ nk̓ʷul̓mn̓səl̓x iʔ y̓l̓mxʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ naʔɬ Mírikaʔ iʔ x̌min̓ks k̓ɬk̓ɬiw̓sn̓tm̓ iʔ sqilxʷ miʔ ƛ̓xʷupn̓tm̓, iʔ x̌min̓ks ksx̌ʷəptwil̓xstm̓ iʔ sql̓qilxʷ.

kʷuʔ ɬa čʔučlm̓ iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ way̓ kʷu ɬpaʔáx̌ mɬ kʷuʔ ɬlax̌tm̓ iʔ kʷu sql̓qilxʷ, iʔ kʷu sn̓k̓ʷɬčwix aláʔ iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ,” čut.

“iʔ tl̓ aʔ čxʔítiʔ uɬ čy̓ʕapəl̓x iʔ sw̓sw̓yápix, x̌min̓ksəl̓x kʷuʔ ksk̓ɬkɬiw̓sn̓tm̓ miʔ kʷu tiyáqʷtwíxʷ. kʷuʔ slək̓lk̓m̓stim̓ miʔ sq̓y̓xitm̓ mɬ kʷuʔ x̌aqn̓tm̓ mɬ ktiyáqʷtm̓stm̓ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ.”

t y̓lm̓xʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ pútiʔ səčqixʷstm̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ tl̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷsəl̓x uɬ člək̓lk̓m̓stim̓ ksktiyaqʷtwíxʷ iʔ sql̓qilxʷ. iʔ l̓ 8 miktúʔtn̓, nəqskʕačíw̓s ɬə ksn̓ʔax̌ʷtm̓s iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ, iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx nixlm̓ way̓ lutstm̓ miʔ n̓xiʔm̓ iʔ l̓ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s iʔ stəqtqips iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ.  nixʷ lutstm̓ ksx̌aqn̓tm̓ tl̓ sk̓ʷl̓sqlaw̓s iʔ stəqtqips iʔ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ c̓x̌iɬ t k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ.

“yʕat iʔ stəqtqip iʔ l̓ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ ilíʔ l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs,” čut Prasát, iʔ səxʷtxət̓úlaʔxʷm̓ t sn̓ʕay̓čkstxúlaʔxʷ iʔ x̌l̓ sql̓qilxʷ iʔ tl̓ Sx̌ʷy̓ʔiɬp Sqəlxʷúlaʔxʷ.

sčunm̓s q̓y̓xitm̓ aʔ čxʔit iʔ sn̓q̓y̓ustn̓s iʔ Snx̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 1964 “put laʔkín̓ uɬ kʷuʔ ʔum̓xtm̓ kʷu c̓səspúlaʔxʷ.”

“iʔ l̓ ispʔús kn̓ nw̓n̓xʷínaʔ ixíʔ (iʔ kʷuʔ ʔum̓xtm̓ kʷu c̓səspúlaʔxʷ) áɬiʔ tl̓ sn̓q̓y̓ustn̓s iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ,” čut.

“axáʔ lut t̓ k̓ʷl̓l̓nun̓tm̓,” iʔ sčuts Ksx̌an̓.  “x̌min̓ksəl̓x axáʔ. iʔ l̓ ispʔús, k̓ʷul̓səl̓x c̓x̌iɬ itíʔ miʔ kʷuʔ k̓síkstmn̓tm̓”.

iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sql̓qilxʷ— iʔ sixʷápmx, iʔ st̓il̓tx, iʔ sw̓knaʔqín̓x— x̌l̓tsqilxʷn̓tm̓ miʔ n̓xiʔm̓əl̓x ɬa čqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓ iʔ stəqtqips iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ uɬ ksx̌aqn̓tm̓ 5 tl̓ sx̌čəčiksts iʔ staʔxʷsqláw̓s Kanatáʔ iʔ tl̓ stəqtqips iʔ l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs.

“k̓ʷam̓ lut kʷuʔ t̓ xiʔxiʔstim̓ miʔ qʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓,” čut Ksx̌an̓ ɬə sqʷl̓qʷil̓ts xʔkinm̓ uɬ Kanatáʔ kmix xiʔxiʔstís iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ tkaʔkaʔɬís sql̓qilxʷ čn̓xiʔm̓əl̓x iʔ l̓ sn̓qʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s uɬ lut iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx.

“k̓ʷam̓ kʷuʔ wikʷɬtm̓. lut t̓a čmistím̓ uɬ səčqʷaʔqʷʔalmísəl̓x.”

“ɬa qʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓ iʔ sn̓q̓y̓ustn̓ c̓x̌iɬ ɬa čmam̓sčut,” čut Eileen Delehanty Pearkes, iʔ səxʷq̓y̓am̓s iʔ sc̓aʔúm̓ A River Captured: The Columbia River Treaty and Catastrophic Change.

“iʔ l̓ y̓lmxʷtan̓s iʔ sw̓yápix, čktiyáqʷtəl̓x ɬa čqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓ uɬ čwikʷstsəl̓x iʔ smam̓sčútn̓s.”

áɬiʔ iʔ ɬəp̓úlaʔxʷtn̓ kɬk̓t̓úlaʔxʷstm̓ iʔ tmxʷúlaʔxʷsəl̓x iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx mɬ k̓ɬčaqʷn̓tm̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx ksn̓xiʔm̓səl̓x iʔ l̓ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s iʔ sn̓q̓y̓ustn̓, čut Pearkes.

ɬa čqʷaʔl̓stwíxʷ iʔ səxʷnaq̓ʷm̓úlaʔxʷ — t y̓lmxʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ naʔɬ Mírikaʔ— t ʔasílm̓ k̓sikstmn̓tm̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx. lut x̌min̓ksəl̓x ksk̓ɬʔiy̓sn̓tm̓ iʔ “sq̓ʷʔil̓xsəl̓x iʔ ʔasílm̓,” čut.

“kstil̓xʷn̓tm̓ iʔ ksčk̓ʷul̓səl̓x iʔ y̓l̓y̓lmxʷtan̓ ɬə n̓xiʔm̓ iʔ l̓ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s iʔ sqilxʷ uɬ n̓xmniw̓səsəl̓x iʔ ɬəp̓úlaʔxʷtn̓, čmy̓may̓t iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s ilíʔ iʔ l̓ ʔasílm̓ Kanatáʔ naʔɬ Mírikaʔ.”

nixʷ lutstm̓ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx ksn̓xiʔm̓s iʔ l̓ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓s iʔ stəqtqips iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ áɬiʔ pútiʔ sʔum̓xtm̓ c̓səspúlaʔxʷ l̓ aʔ čxʔítiʔ ɬa čqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓tm̓ iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 2016, iʔ sčuts Pearkes.

iʔ l̓ sčk̓ʷín̓plaʔs Desautel iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 2021, iʔ sl̓xʷaʔɬqʷaʔqʷʔál̓tán̓s Kanatáʔ kc̓əx̌ʷíplaʔm̓ mɬ w̓nixʷ iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ sqilxʷ t Kanatáʔ uɬ x̌ast miʔ ɬčp̓lak̓əl̓x iʔ k̓l̓ sn̓ilíʔtn̓səl̓x. nax̌m̓ɬ iʔ y̓lmxʷtan̓ čk̓ək̓alíʔ ɬa čk̓ɬʔiy̓sm̓ t nk̓ʷul̓mn̓s.

nixʷ k̓smn̓čut iʔ y̓lmxʷtan̓ áɬiʔ čqʷaʔqʷʔalmísəl̓x iʔ skʷəskʷsúlaʔxʷs iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ — nixʷ t sqʷaʔqʷʔalmín̓ uɬ lut t̓ xiʔxiʔstím̓ miʔ n̓xiʔíʔst iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx. iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ ʔamaʔskʷíɬtm̓ iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx.

Mark Underhill, iʔ səxʷqʷl̓qʷil̓t iʔ ƛ̓xʷupɬtm̓ Kanatáʔ iʔ x̌l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx čut til̓xʷn̓tm̓ iʔ sqʷaʔqʷʔalmin̓s iʔ skʷəskʷsúlaʔxʷ áɬiʔ iʔ l̓ Kanatáʔ čmál̓x̌aʔm̓ əčusts “čkɬʔay̓snwíxʷstm̓ iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs” iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx.

iʔ l̓ 18 miktúʔtn̓, ɬa čn̓ʔax̌ʷtm̓ iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ, Prasát naʔɬ Underhill qʷaʔqʷʔalmísəl̓x iʔ k̓l̓ Ky̓ʕamlúp. ʕ̓ac̓x̌ɬtúɬtm̓ iʔ ksəxʷsəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓ iʔ sčq̓y̓q̓ay̓s iʔ l̓ spn̓pin̓tk 1800 uɬ 1900.

iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx papút iʔ k̓l̓ yʕat iʔ ksəxʷsəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓, íwaʔ iʔ ksəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓ iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ y̓lm̓xʷtan̓s British Columbia iʔ l̓ spin̓tk 1956. ixíʔ əc̓iw̓t t ksəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓ iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ y̓lm̓xʷtan̓ uɬ čsuxʷsts iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx. iʔ l̓ ksəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓ iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ lútiʔ 1956, yʕat iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ iʔ aʔ čqʷaʔqʷʔalmístm̓ ʕ̓apnáʔ ilíʔ iʔ l̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷsəl̓x iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx.

“w̓nixʷ xʷk̓ʷn̓tim̓ iʔ tl̓ ksəxʷsəxʷmúlaʔxʷtn̓,” čut Underhill. nixʷ iʔ sčuts ʕ̓apnáʔ ɬa čqʷaʔqʷʔálmín̓tm̓ iʔ stəqtqips iʔ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷítkʷ naʔɬ iʔ ksčkʷəskʷsúlaʔxʷ lut t̓a čn̓stil̓smn̓tm̓ t swit uɬ iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs iʔ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx kskʷíɬtm̓ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ.

“kʷuʔ skʷiɬtm̓ iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷtət”, čut Prasát. “xac̓t uɬ kswíkn̓tm̓ ixíʔ [iʔ kʷu sn̓ʕay̓čkstx].”

nixʷ iʔ sčuts Prasát, iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ tsxʷuy̓s čxʷuy̓y̓əl̓x, čksx̌nw̓súlaʔxʷm̓ iʔ k̓l̓ sn̓ʕay̓čkstx iʔ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷs miʔ ləx̌tiw̓sm̓, n̓ʔay̓snwíxʷm̓, “nax̌m̓ɬ nixʷáʔ ixíʔ mɬ kskʷiɬtm̓ swit iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s.”

nixʷ Prasát lut t̓a čk̓stmiʔsts iʔ sn̓k̓ʷɬčwixs t sqilxʷ íwaʔ q̓l̓spʔus.

“way̓ čsuxʷstn̓ čtiʔx̌ílm̓ c̓x̌iɬ atáʔ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ áɬiʔ tl̓ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ y̓lm̓xʷtan̓. ikɬəɬčúnm̓: axáʔ iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ y̓lm̓xʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ mɬ ktiyáqʷtm̓ iʔ sql̓qilxʷ.”

nixʷ Ksx̌an̓ lut x̌min̓ks ksxmin̓s iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ íwaʔ k̓ast iʔ sčk̓ʷul̓s iʔ y̓lmxʷtan̓s Kanatáʔ.

“kn̓ čʕ̓ay̓m̓t nax̌m̓ɬ čn̓stil̓sm̓stn̓ stim̓ iʔ x̌ast iʔ x̌min̓ktət. lut in̓x̌mín̓k ksk̓stwil̓xstm̓ t isʕ̓ay̓m̓t,” čut Ksx̌an̓. “in̓x̌mín̓k kɬəɬx̌stwil̓xtət, miʔ sk̓ʷul̓m̓tət t x̌ast. miyáɬ iksn̓k̓ʷaʔíl̓s mɬ ksk̓stwil̓xstm̓ ixíʔ.”

nixʷ iʔ sčuts: “iʔ x̌l̓ n̓xaʔxaʔčín̓tət ɬ iksn̓t̓k̓ʷúlaʔxʷm̓ isʕ̓áy̓m̓t.

iʔ k̓l̓ sixʷápmx səxʷʔučlm̓ Gordon Tomma, čʔučlm̓, n̓ʔax̌ʷtm̓ iʔ l̓ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ miʔ suxʷsts iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t iʔ sqilxʷ mɬ mipnusts iʔ kɬčw̓čaw̓tsəl̓x miʔ ɬp̓aʔáx̌.

“in̓misx̌ást ɬa čnixlm̓stn̓ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t ɬa čmay̓čút, ɬa čqʷl̓qʷil̓stsəl̓x iʔ kɬčw̓čaw̓tsəl̓x — iʔ kɬčw̓čaw̓tət uɬ xʔkin̓m̓ kiʔ kʷuʔ xʷl̓xʷl̓tiʔst,” čut. iʔ sčuts lut t̓ ƛ̓ax̌t kmaʔ t̓iy̓ty̓m̓t ɬ aksx̌stwíl̓x c̓x̌iɬ itíʔ.

“wikn̓ aʔ čɣip uɬ c̓q̓əq̓al̓qʷ t sww̓íkiʔst,” čut. “way̓ wkəknun̓ c̓kin̓ ilíʔ iʔ l̓ ny̓xʷuts aʔ čɣip uɬ xʔkinm̓ miʔ ɬp̓aʔáx̌. t k̓ɬk̓ʷn̓xiw̓s ɬə sp̓aʔáx̌s. mɬ čwikstm̓ c̓kin̓ uɬ kswítmiʔst iʔ sc̓al̓ miʔ p̓aʔáx̌— xʔkinm̓ miʔ xʷl̓xʷl̓tiʔst. c̓x̌iɬ itíʔ k̓a mnim̓ɬtət ɬ ksn̓ʕ̓ac̓x̌n̓čútət.”

c̓x̌iɬ t Ksx̌an̓ naʔɬ Tomma, nixʷ Haugen kswítmiʔst ɬə ksp̓aʔáx̌s ɬa čn̓ʔax̌ʷtm̓ iʔ l̓ Sn̓x̌ʷn̓tkʷitkʷ naʔɬ iʔ sn̓k̓ʷɬʔučlm̓ t sixʷápmx.

čut, “way̓ kʷu nəqsil̓tm̓ miʔ k̓ʷl̓nun̓tm̓: ɬčp̓l̓k̓stim̓ iʔ n̓ty̓tyix; n̓xʷk̓ʷitkʷn̓tm̓ iʔ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ; čún̓maʔn̓tm̓ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓t uɬ pútiʔ kʷu aláʔ uɬ pútiʔ c̓aw̓típstm̓ iʔ n̓qəql̓̓xʷaʔqsts iʔ n̓xaʔčín̓tət.”

“way̓ kʷu saláʔx iʔ l̓ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ mɬ səčʕ̓ac̓m̓túɬtm̓ c̓kin̓ mɬ ɬəɬk̓ʷixʷəxʷtət,” iʔ sčuts Haugen. “lut nixʷ kʷu ksktiyaqʷtwíxʷaʔx. lut kʷu t̓a čk̓spʔusm̓ aláʔ iʔ l̓ n̓tx̌ʷitkʷ.”